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p. 3 Nkrumahism synthesises the positive principles from each of the three major experiences and struggles which impact on Africa today. Applying our principle of dialectical materialism, we know that there is positive and nega- tive in everything. It begins with, and draws its strength from, traditional communal and the class struggle inside Africa, under slavery and feudalism, prior to the two major invasions of our homeland. Nkrumahism also includes the positive or best aspects from the Arab-Islamic invasion and experience, since the 7th century. It also includes the best from the European-Christian inva- sion and experience since the 15th century. This latter experience resulted in the colonisation and balkanisation of our land, and the scattering and enslave-:: ment of our people, while bringing modern industrialisation to Europe and America. Yet, we accept industrialisation as one of our principles since we recognise that without it we could not advance in todays modern world. We clearly understand that there are some things that we can use out of this over- whelmingly negative experience, to help us help advance the African Revolution. Yet, we also understand, as many of you have already noted in your quotes from Comrade Kim Il Sung, that when anything foreign is brought in, before we accept it we have to chew it and taste it, if it is bitter, or if it doesn't taste right, or we cannot digest it, then we have to spit it out, or modify it to our tastes, if it is edible. As I noted earlier, the basis of our ideology comes from our traditional African experience and way of life, which causes us to come into conflict with many traditional Marxist-Leninists, who are atheists, but who do not accept the concepts of "Juche" or "Chajusong, which asserts the independence and self- reliance of all oppressed people in their struggles for liberation. One of our philosophic principles is dialectical and historical material- ism, on which any socialist revolution must be based or rooted. But, because of the particular development in the history and culture of African people, we take a stand that Nkrumah calls "philosophical consciencism". This philo- sophical position is the basis of why Nkrumahism is "not necessarily atheistic." Religion and belief in god is a major aspect of African tradition, culture, and history. We have found, in African history, that religion has been used as a bourgeois tool for the exploitation of our people, but it has also been a tool for the advancement and upliftment of our people. African people have used religion as a force of social progress, so when it comes to religion, we have some aspects of our ideology that are not carbon-copy aplications of traditional Marxism-Leninism. And in the spirit of "Juche" and "Chajusong" we expect you to respect that right! As. Nkrumahists, outside/and inside of our Party, we uncompromisingly assert the principles of Humanism, egalitarianism, and collectivism. These three principles bring us to correctly address the role and relationship of women in the revo- lutionary struggle, which I have not heard mentioned very much today. When we assert humanism, we mean that each human being is endowed with a certain inward dignity, integrity, and value, and that human beings are not a means to an end, they are the end, or purpose, of all that we do. The principles of Nkrumahism also includes collectivism, or the view that the collective is more important than the individual. And we assert egalitarianism, which maintains the basic equality of all humanity. So for us there can be no assertions, or even ques- tions, about women being inferior. African women have shared our oppression and have struggled and suffered side by side with us, while also carrying the added burden of sexist chauvinism and oppression. In order to better organise African women, the Sisters in our Party formed the internal women's wing, called the All-African Women's Revolutionary Union, to enhance and advance their full and proper contribution to our struggle. As I move on to a few other principles of Nkrumahism, you will be able to see the the parallels and commonalities of Nkrumahism and the "Juche" idea. We respect and uphold the Juche idea, in theory and practice. We are aware of the role that North Korea has played in assisting African liberation movements throughout Africa, because of our close ties with the PDG in Guinea, who had close fraternal ties with with the Workers Party of Korea. These ties have

P. 4 helped, in theory and practice, to build strong ties between African people and the Korean people, in true revolutionary solidarity. As Nkrumahists, and Pan-Africanists, we assert that African people's primary allegiance must be to Africa. A quote from Kwame Ture, made during his 1983 tour, makes this point clearly: "Are we struggling to bring about a free and socialist Britain? Of course we are, there's no question here. But is it our primary struggle? No sir. As the conscious Irishman, born in London, understands his primary struggle is the liberation and unification of Ireland, so too, (Africans) who are born in Britain must understand that our primary struggle is the total liberation and unification of Africa.under scientific socialism." There are those of the European left in Britain, Europe, and America who must come to grips with this. We have noticed many of the people within the Euro- pean left coming to organise, or patronise, the most oppressed--Africans, Asians, and others, merely to help advance their own organisations, not to correctly wage revolution. To do this they try to deny or diminish our nationalism and independence because they don't recognise the nation/class nature of our oppres- sion and struggle. We say this results from their chauvinism, racism, and some- times outright "opportunism." We say that they can best help to advance soc- ialist revolution by dealing with us correctly as Africans, within the world socialist revolution. Once this is correctly addressed, and when we are properly organised, and you are properly organised, we can work together as equals in our fight against imperialism, capitalism, zionism, and all the other negative "isms." This way no one dominates the other. I am sure that this is consistent with "Juche" and "Chajusong"! As Nkrumahists, we say that Africans have a nation/class struggle, and it must be fought with equal intensity at this time, because we suffer racist nation- al oppression and class exploitation simultaneously. This must be respected by other revolutionaries and oppressed people. This way we will not make any serious errors--and if you respect this, you will not make any serious errors--with the African Revolution. As I said earlier, Nkrumahism is an ideological synthesis of the best of the three Africas. Part of the Euro-Christian experience in Africa is the asser- tion of industrialism, and scientific socialism. Even though these principles emerged out of the Euro-Christian experience, they were made possible out of the exploitation of Africa and the world. As I'm sure you know, the industrial revo- lution in Europe was made possible through Africa's and Asia's rape, colonisation, and exploitation. It was made possible by the balkanisation of our land, and the scattering and enslavement of our people, as well as the colonisation and disper- sion of the people of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Asia, the Caribbean, and the Amer- icas. Industrial capitalists in Europe and America stili rely on Africa, and Asia, today for their raw materials and "cheap labour," while doing everything they can to keep Africa from becoming industrialised. We must, and we will, bring indus- rialism to serve the masses of African people and the masses of the world's working people! Those who produce must enjoy the fruits of their labour! This can only be achieved in the modern world through scientific socialism! Pan- Africanism will be Africa's contribution to advance the world socialist revolu- tion! We know that, as we progress toward Pan-Africanism, all of Western Europe and America, which were built on Africa's sweat, blood, labour, and resources, will be thrown into a crisis, and help the workers here to advance toward socialist revolution many times quicker. As socialists, if you support "Juche" and "Chajusong", you should support Pan-Africanism, as the just struggle of African people. In closing this brief summary of Nkrumahism--the ideology of the African Revolution--I hope that it has sparked you to think with a new level of under- standing, respect, and regard for African people, the African Revolution, and Pan-Africanism. We encourage you to study more about the ideas of Kwame Nkrumah, and our Party. We are willing to communicate with you further about the A-APRP and what we are working to do. We only ask that you give your principled support to the African Revolution, in the spirit of "Juche". Let us struggle together, as genuine comrades, in our common struggle to build a just, socialist, world free from exploitation and oppression. Thank you for your time and interest.

KA ① Comrades, on behalf of Mesquito Press and the Organising Committee for the Seminar on the Juche Idea established by it, I once again express my deep thanks to all those comrades who have honoured us by their presence today. The comrades who have attended our Seminar today, and those who for one reason or another have been unable to attend, but who have in various ways, expressed their greetings and support, can without exaggeration be said to represent the five continents of the world. And for the most part we are talking about comrades on the frontline of the struggle against world imperialism, led by US imperialism. That our Seminar should evoke such a positive response from the world revolutionary forces is above all a tribute to the growing authority of the Juche Idea, and its Creator the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung. It is clear that increasingly the Juche Idea is becoming established as the guiding idea of world revolution in the present epoch. Those of us who have been fortunate enough to visit Pyongyang, the capital city of revolution, will well know how the flaming torch atop the Tower of the Juche Idea illumines the night sky

(2) of the city. Similarly, it is with lessons learned in blood that the revolutionary peoples of the world come to know that the road to victory lies through casting away old ideas and formulae, rejecting dogmatism and Hunkeyism and grasping the future of the revolution in their own hands. As the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il points out, "The masses of the people are the masters of revolution and Construction and the decisive factor in transforming nature and developing society." It is the Masses that want the revolution and construction, and it is also the masses that carry them out." The revolutionary ideas of the working class and oppressed peoples are created by great and outstanding leaders of the people. As the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il Said, "The revolutionary ideas of the working class are originated by distinguished leaders ... our leader created the great Juche idea after acquiring a deep insight into the requirements of a new era when the oppressed and humiliated Masses of the people became masters of their own destiny. This he developed their struggle for Chajusong onto a higher plane and opened up the age of Juche, a new era in the development

3 of human history. For all communists and revolutionaries it is an axiom that wherever there is oppression there is resistance. This on fact flows from the nature of man as a social being with creativity, consciousness and Chajusong. As the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il has explained, "It is natural that man who regards Chajusong as his life and soul, combats any encroachment on his Chajusong." From the slave revolts of Spartacus against the might of the Roman Empire to the recent year-lo strike by the miners in this country, we can see the implacable refusal of oppressed people to accept slavery and the violation of their dignity, and their courageous struggle to assert themselves as masters of the world. However, history also teaches that however often, and however heroically, the masses rise in struggle, their struggles resistance will not end in victory unless they have Correct leadership. As dear Comrade Kim Jong Il pointed out: "If they are to hold their position and fulfill their role ... the popular masses must be brought into contact with leadership." It is therefore to the undying credit of the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung that, whilst still in his early years, he created

④ the L Juche Idea. This idea cleared away the factional fog spread in the Korean revolutionary movement by bigotted nationalists and bogus Marxists, and in the teeth of enormously complex conditions led the Korean revolution to achieve victory. Now the Juche idea has spread to all corners of the globe and Juche Idea Study Groups have been established in nearly every country of the world. I am pleased to take this occasion to announce that the preparations undertaken by Mosquito Press to found such a Study Group in this country are now at an advanced Stage, and that 1985 is the year when this great idea will at last be Systematically Studied and applied here. Of course, a correct guiding idea can only be created in accordance with the developing conditions and demands of the era. It therefore follows that the Juche Idea accords with the present Stage and tasks of the world revolution and provides Correct answers to the problems posed in the revolutionary struggle. As the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong IL makes clear : "When the leaders embarked on the road of revolution, a new development was taking place in the struggle of the working class and the popular Masses against Exploitation and oppression On the world arena, the

(5) influence of Socialism, which had won its first victory, grew strong, and the revolutionary struggle of the working class and the liberation struggle of the peoples in colonies and semi-colonies were intensified sharply. In an attempt to stop the revolutionary advance of the masses and weather the serious political and economic crises they were passing through, the imperialists further increased • their plunder and oppression of the people. In many countries contradictions and antagonism between revolution and counter- revolution were intensified, and the masses of people whose sovereign rights had been trampled down for a long time rose up in a struggle for their class and national liberation. A new age was approaching, in which the revolutionary movement made progress in a • broad and diversified way on a worldwide scale." Following the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution it rapidly became clear that the focus of world revolution was shifting to the oppressed nations, particularly those in Asia, and it is therefore not surprising, neither is it coincidental, that the leading development in revolutionary ideology should be made by an Asian Communist leader. The principles and policies put forward

⑥ by the Juche idea are fully relevant and applicable to our tasks here. One of the most essential - and in Many respects one that determines the approach to other questions- concerns the Juche-based stand, viewpoint and method of work with people. The dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il has pointed out "when they are armed with the revolutionary idea and united into an organised political force, the masses can emerge victorious in the revolution. The duty of revolutionaries is to go among the popular masses, Masters of the revolution, to educate, organise and inspire them to a struggle. The revolutionary forces, too, should be trained from among the masses, and all problems arising in the revolutionary struggle should likewise be resolved in reliance on their wisdom and strength." This exposition of the revolutionary work method can clearly be seen to be in contrast to the opportunist, bureaucratic, factional and sectarian methods adopted in the Main by the hondon-based left groups as well as the Labour and Trade Union movement. Like their counterparts in Korea in the early part of the century, they can be described as being "divorced from the masses, only engrossed in the scramble for hegemony and empty talks. They did not unite the masses but divided them by factional strife."

⑦ The endless splits and factional strife that characterise the British left do nothing to inspire the Masses to fight to end their oppression, in fact all that they succeed in doing is disorienting and disillusioning the Many sincere people who gravitate towards them, and generally discrediting the ideas of Socialism among the people. In contrast, a dynamic Struggle can only be waged by relying on and organising the • people themselves. This can be clearly seen in the case of the miners strike. Of course, nearly all left wing forces were involved themselves with the epic struggle of the miners to a greater or lesser extent. But their reasons for doing so, the ways in which they intervened, and the conclusions drawn from the Struggle differ widely. There are some who See the miners Struggle as confirming the • Correctness of an orientation to the established labour and trade union movement and its traditional methods. However, the miners strike Confirmed exactly the opposite. The reason for its endurance, Militancy and heroism lies in the fact that the miners and their leadership, to a considerable extent, turned their backs on factional and bureaucratic Methods of work and relied on the creative talents of the oppressed people of the mining Communities themselves. Fiercely confident in their own Strength and the justice of their cause, the

(3) young Miners - "Scargill's Red Guards" as they were called - together with their wives and girlfriends took on the full force of the British imperialist State, and in so doing began to give an outline of what a workers' state could mean in this country. As Comrade Malcolm Pitt, President of the Kent National Union of Mineworkers said in a recent speech in Southall, the Strike, "showed the latent ability power of • working people" From the logging teams who provided heating, to the food distribution teams and communal kitchens and dining halls, the importing of food, the to the arranging of foreign delegations and holidays for Miners and their families we were given, "signs of the ability of working people to run society". Moreover, the Miners turned to, and built alliances with, their real friends - • rank and file workers here and overseas, the National Minority Communities, the Irish people, national liberation Movements, revolutionary democratic states such as Libya, the Socialist countries... These forces responded with magnificent acts of solidarity, and we began to see the emergence of the type of revolutionary alliance that can defeat British imperialism. All of this is inseparable from the fact that in the person of