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weakened but, on the contrary, it is strengthened still further. Socialist society is a society which meets the inherent desire of the working class, and this desire is that all the people be provided with full Chajusong by opposing selfishness and on the basis of collectivism. This desire of the working class agrees with the common human aspiration to Chajusong. Because socialist society is a society which meets the inherent desire of the working class, socialism and commu- nism can be built only under the leadership of the party which is the vanguard detachment of this class. The further the building of socialism and communism proceeds, the more the leadership of the party should be strengthened, instead of being weakened. Without the party's leadership it would be impossible to ensure the unity of the people in ideology and will, display the superiority of collectivism that is inherent in socialism, and beat the untrodden path of communism. Strengthening party leadership means improving the standard of party work in keeping with the developing situation, while maintaining the revolutionary principle of the working class in the revolution and construction. If a party fails to see the developing situation and retains outdated theories and methods, it will commit dogmatic and subjective mistakes; if it abandons the revolutionary principle of the working class on the plea of a changed situation, it will make revisionist and reformist.errors. The working-class party which leads socialist construc- tion must concentrate every effort on strengthening and enhancing the role of the subject of the revolution by improving party work. It is only when the subject of the revolution is strengthened and its role improved that we can succeed in harnessing nature and transforming society and also emerge 21

victorious in the fight against the enemy. Needless to say, it is important in bringing out to the full the superiority of the socialist system to lay firm material and technical foundations for socialism and improve the method of managing the socialist economy. But it is more important to strengthen the subject of the revolution. It is people that develop the economy and technology and it is also people that manage the socialist system. Therefore, the superiority of the socialist system cannot be displayed unless the subject of the revolu- tion is strengthened. Strengthening the subject of the revolution is also essential in preventing the ideological and cultural infiltration of imperialism. The great leader has said that a man with a well- trained body will not fall ill even if he is attacked by disease. However violent the imperialists' desperate manoeuvres may be, revisionism and reformism cannot raise their heads when the subject of the revolution is strong. We must always seek the key to victory in the revolution and construction in the subject, not in the objective con- ditions, and seek the basic method and means of promoting the revolution and construction in strengthening the subject and enhancing its role. The strengthening of the subject of the revolution must begin with the consolidation of the party, the core and leading force of the subject. When the party is sound ideologically, the masses can be sound in their ideology; when the party suffers from ideo- logical malady, the masses also suffer from ideological sickness. It is only when the party is united that the masses can be united; when it is divided, the masses will be divided. Therefore, primary attention must be paid to maintaining the purity of the party's revolutionary idea, improving steadily its 22

s s e s e e c st l- of l- e. y n n - g ct st g c - al n l. e s ideological and theoretical levels and cementing its organi- zational and ideological unity and cohesion. In order to strengthen the subject of the revolution, it is also imperative to make the broad masses revolutionary and unite them closely around the party. The education of the people in the revolutionary ideology of the working class must be intensified in step with the improvement in their material and cultural lives and in their cultural and technical standards, which rise with the progress of socialist construction. If not, a cavity might be created in their consciousness and bourgeois ideas can infiltrate. If this happens, people may lose confidence in socialism and com- munism and cease working for the revolution. Enhancing the role of the subject ceaselessly is of decisive significance in promoting the revolution and construction. The party's unified leadership in all fields of the revolution and construction must be fully ensured, and on this basis the creative zeal and activeness of the masses must be brought out to the maximum in accordance with the revolutionary mass line. The construction of socialism and communism is an undertaking for the masses and of the masses, so the only way to promote socialist construction is to encourage them to work willingly and with devotion. Any attempt to seek a clever way, other than this, will end in clinging to the capitalist method that has nothing in common with socialism and will cause grave and irrevocable consequences to socialist construction. Our Party has been able to lead the revolution and construction to victory in the arduous and complicated circumstances that are unprecedented in history because it has consistently strengthened the subject of the revolution and enhanced its role. 23

Under the difficult situation in which the US imperialists, the chieftain of world imperialism, have been occupying one half of our territory and perpetrating ceaseless aggressive manoeuvres against our Republic, our people have been carrying out two tasks at the same time—building socialism independently, and thwarting the aggressive manoeuvres of the imperialists in order to reunify the country. At present our people are fighting, bearing double and triple burdens on their shoulders. However, our Party has always stuck fast to the revolutionary stand with the conviction that victory will be won, precisely because the subject of our revolution has been strengthened. On the basis of a scientific review of the historical experiences of the Korean and world revolutions, the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung further developed the Marxist- Leninist revolutionary theories in a creative way to suit the new situation, established the immortal Juche idea in his early years, and provided a contemporary guideline capable of leading the revolutionary movement in a steady upsurge. On the basis of the Juche-orientated principle of Party building, he has strengthened our Party organizationally and ideologi- cally, established unbreakable ties between the Party and the masses in every possible way and steadily enhanced the Party's leadership role in all fields of the revolution and construction. In this way he has been leading our revolution to brilliant victory. The great leader gave instructions that, in order to build socialism, the ideological fortress of communism must be conquered along with the material fortress and that, to this end, the three revolutions—ideological, technical and cultural—must be promoted on the principle of giving precedence to the work of transforming the people, the 24

masters of society, along communist lines. In this way a correct way of continuing the revolution after the establish- ment of the socialist system and of achieving the cause of communism has been elucidated for the first time in his- tory. Following the path indicated by the great leader, our Party has been building socialism successfully, without any deviation, and fully displaying the advantages of the socialist system. Holding high at all times the revolutionary banner of anti- imperialist struggle, our Party has been fighting resolutely against the imperialist moves of aggression and war and safeguarding the eastern post of socialism with credit. The US imperialists lay stress on the strategic importance of south Korea, which is situated near Japan, their biggest ally, and which occupies a strategic point on the Asian continent, and so have not only turned south Korea into their nuclear war base to bring military pressure to bear upon us, but also converted it into an economic and political base against socialism in collaboration with the Japanese imperial- ists and other reactionaries in the world and are manoeuvring in every possible way to demonstrate the "supremacy" of capitalism on the Korean peninsula. Despite the desperate manoeuvres of US imperialism and its stooges, our Republic has been advancing along the socialist road without the slightest vacillation. Encouraged by this, the south Korean people are fighting resolutely against the United States and for independence, against fascism and for democracy, thereby shaking the colonial rule of US imperialism violently. The fact that our country, though small, is holding fast to its Chajusong while building socialism successfully confronted by the allied force of imperialism is clear proof that socialism 25

is in all ways superior to capitalism and has unconquerable vitality. Our era by no means suits imperialism; it is an era of historical change in which imperialism is on the brink of ruin and the people of the world are marching forward boldly along the road of socialism, the road of independence. The contemporary age requires that revolutionary people the world over should rise up as one in the struggle to inflict a decisive defeat on the doomed and desperate imperialists and create an independent new world. Opposing imperialism and defending Chajusong is the common fighting task of the revolutionary people of the world today. The subject of the struggle for Chajusong in each country is the people of that country, whereas the subject of the struggle to oppose imperialism and make the world in- dependent consists of the socialist countries, the international communist movement, the national-liberation movement in colonies, the non-aligned movement, the world peace move- ment and other anti-imperialist, independent forces. The anti-imperialist, independent forces are incompara- bly stronger than the imperialist forces. What is important is whether the anti-imperialist, independent forces fight in unity or not. That unity is a decisive factor for victory in the revolution is an immutable truth. Particularly today, when the imperial- ists are aligned and allied in opposition to socialism and the progressive people of the world, it is essential for all the anti- imperialist, independent forces to fight in close unity. In strengthening the unity of the anti-imperialist, in- dependent forces, it is particularly important to strengthen the unity of the socialist countries and the international communist movement. The socialist countries and the 26

e l m е- a- is ty on al- he ti- in- en mal The Communist and Workers' Parties have the honourable tradition of having adhered to the revolutionary stand and fought in solid unity under the banner of proletarian inter- nationalism. By carrying forward this tradition, all the socialist countries and Communist and Workers' Parties must hold fast to the anti-imperialist stand and unite rock-solid, based on the relations of comradeship, the relations of respect- ing and cooperating with each other against national egoism. Modern imperialism is not only the enemy of socialism but also the common enemy of all the progressive people of the world who advocate peace and Chajusong. It is only when the people of socialist countries and all the other progressive people of the world who advocate peace and Chajusong are solidly united that they can emerge victorious in the struggle for independence against imperialism. The progressive people of the world must smash every manoeuvre of the imperialists for division and alienation and unite firmly under the banner of independence against imperialism, regardless of ideology, system and religious belief. There is no doubt that if all the anti-imperialist, in- dependent forces in the world fight as one in firm unity, they will be able to destroy imperialism and create an independent, new world. Our Party will make every effort to strengthen solidarity with the anti-imperialist, independent forces of the world, particularly the socialist countries, the international com- munist movement and the non-aligned movement. The struggle of our people, who are advancing at the forefront of the struggle for independence against imperialism under the revolutionary banner of the Juche idea, is a source of great encouragement to the progressive people of the world 27

in their struggle for Chajusong. We must take due pride in this. Revolutionaries must fight on resolutely, always re- membering the lessons of history as well as being confident in the future. There still remain the imperialists who brutally massacred and plundered our people in the past and are now watching for a chance to commit further acts of aggression. In this situation it would be a grave mistake to assume that our struggle to create an independent, new life will be plain sailing. Just as today's happy, new, socialist life has been provided for us through the arduous and bloody struggle of our revolutionary predecessors and patriotic people, so the complete victory of socialism and the eventual triumph of our revolution can be won only through our people's indomitable struggle against imperialism. Our Party has been entrusted with a noble historic mission to lead our revolution to victory in the present complicated circumstances. All Party members and other working people must march forward dynamically along the road of socialism and communism, solidly united behind the great leader and the Party, under the unfurled revolutionary banner of the anti-imperialist struggle.