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the nobility of life, to study the history of Ireland, to study our rights as well as our duties; time to develop men and women for the coming crisis, so that they might take advantage of it when it came." Another aspect of the Juche Idea of crucial importance to us is that of independence - specifically that the revolutionary organisations, particularly those created by the oppressed peoples themselves, must hold fast to an independent stand. As dear Comrade Kim Jong Il points out, "If the revolution and construction are to be carried out as required by the Juche Idea, Chajusong must be maintained and realised." All progressive struggles against this state have had to be waged on the basis of independence. For example, throughout the miners' strike, the strikers had to resist the straightjacket of the labour aristocracy who, in the words of the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung, are reared by the capitalists "to disorganise the ranks of the working class movement." More particularly, this struggle finds its sharpest and most concrete expression in the struggles of nationally oppressed nations, peoples and communities. The most outstanding example is the Irish Republican Movement which has developed into the most powerful revolutionary movement in Western Europe precisely by tenaciously defending its own independence. By contrast, those forces in Ireland that have taken to flunkeyism, or not based their work on going deep among the Irish people educating and organising them, have either become an irrelevance or, as in the case of the notorious "Irish Workers' Party" - so-called, have degenerated into agents of imperialism. The Irish Republican Movement is a genuinely revolutionary movement that epitomises and grasps the truth of dear Comrade Kim Jong Il's teaching that, "Without the sense of national pride that one's nation is inferior to none, without the pride and honour of the revolutionary people, it would be impossible to live up to one's conviction in an independent manner, uphold national independence and dignity and emerge victorious in the difficult revolutionary struggle. A nation with a strong sense of national dignity and revolutionary pride is unconquerable, but a nation without this attribute is powerless. The peoples of small countries who have long suffered oppression by foreign forces need so much the more the sense of national dignity and revolutionary pride." Other organisations and movements that have preserved their revolutionary integrity, deepened their links with the masses and expanded their fighting ranks precisely by defending their independence include the Scottish and Welsh Republicans and black organisations such as the Indian Workers' Association (GB) and the Bangladesh Workers' Association. These organisations, which firmly uphold Chajusong, know their communities, their problems, revolutionary traditions, and methods of struggle far better than the British left ever can. Their existence is in marked contrast to those of some other forces that go in for national nihilism, or who have allowed themselves to be sucked into the "race relations industry", or who have been made to dance to the baton of this or that British left organisation. Their sorry plight is aptly characterised by the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il as follows: "If one is inclined to be servile, one would be in the habit of grovelling before others and following them: if others take to revisionism, one would follow suit; and if others adopt dogmatism, one would act likewise. As the leader said, if a person falls into flunkeyism, he would become a tool; if a nation is servile to big powers, the country would go to ruin; and if a party is subservient to big powers, it would make a mess of the revolution and construction." Dear Comrade Kim Jong Il has further clarified the concept of independence of the organisations of the nationally oppressed by his development of revolutionary theory on the national question with regard to national minorities

in the imperialist heartlands. Using the example of overseas Koreans, he pointed out, "As regards our overseas brothers, they are Koreans who come from the same stock as us and who originally lived in the same territory, speaking the same language. They were forced to leave their beloved home- steads; either they had to go abroad to find a means of living, unable to endure Japanese imperialist colonial rule and harsh exploitation and oppression by landlords and capitalists, or they were dragged to foreign countries as compulsorily drafted labour, or as conscripts. So how can one say that they are not of the Korean nation? It goes without saying that they legitimately belong to the Korean nation." None of the above should be confused with narrow nationalism. On the contrary, it is by upholding independence that the basis is created for genuine and consistent internationalism. As dear Comrade Kim Jong Il points out, "Chajusong is not in conflict with internationalism but is the basis of its strengthening. Just as the world revolution is inconceivable without the revolution in one's own country, internationalism divorced from Chajusong cannot exist. As a matter of principle, internationalist solidarity must be based on freedom of choice and equality. Only when it is founded on Chajusong will internationalist solidarity become based on free choice and equality and become genuine and durable." Organisations such as Sinn Fein, the Bangladesh Workers' Association and the Indian Workers' Association show the link between upholding their independence and internationalism with every fibre of their being and struggle. These are organisations that never fail to support other oppressed people in struggle, and their cadres concretely unite with and lead working people in their struggles wherever they may find themselves. One important example is the trade union work of the Indian Workers' Association which spearheaded the unionisation of the workers in the foundries of the West Midlands in the 1950s and 1960s, and has now taken up the difficult task of organising the textile workers in the small sweatshops. It has always been the case that workers from the oppressed nationalities have played a vanguard role in the struggle of the working class in this country. Of Chartist leader Feargus O'Connor, James Connolly commented, "He was one of the first of that long list of Irish fighters in Great Britain whose unselfish sacrifices have gone to make a record for an 'English' labour movement." He also pointed out that "Working class Irish exiles were present and active in the ranks of militant labour out of all proportion to the ratio they bore to the population at large. And always they were the advanced, the least compromising, the most irreconcilable in the movement." The great Irish leaders James Connolly and Jim Larkin were also, of course, prominent leaders of the working class movement in England and Scotland, and indeed in the United States of America. The first Communist MP to sit in the House of Commons - representing Battersea North - was an Indian comrade, Sapurji Saklatvala who made the cause of Indian freedom well known in Britain. The founder of the Indian Workers' Association, Shaheed Udham Singh, is a glorious revolutionary martyr of the Indian people who was hanged after his execution in Caxton Hall of the imperialist butcher General Dwyer, who was responsible for the Amritsar Massacre in 1919. Defiant to the last, as he was being sentenced, he shouted slogans denouncing British imperialism, making the judge's remarks inaudible. He was also a delegate to the Camden Trades Council here in north London. The late General Secretary of the IWA, Comrade Jagmohan Joshi, tirelessly

devoted his life not only to the cause of Indian workers and to the struggle for a People's Democratic India, but also to the cause of all workers and oppressed people. Noel Jenkinson, the Irish patriot murdered in a British prison, was not only a committed fighter for Irish freedom but an active trade unionist, a communist and a supporter of the Asian socialist countries. In general, the Irish Prisoners of War in English jails today provide a model of comrades who, on the basis of their own independence and strict discipline, give leadership to the democratic struggle of all prisoners, and encouragement to all anti-imperialist struggles, as shown by Comrade Vince Donnelly's message to today's seminar. Truly, it is those who firmly uphold their independence who are the real internationalists. In applying the great Juche Idea to our concrete conditions it is necessary particularly to grasp the Juche theory on the question of the youth. Dear Comrade Kim Jong Il has pointed out, "In order to inaugurate a revolutionary party, it was necessary to break away from the old party and the old generation, polluted with factionalism and flunkeyism, develop new communists of the new generation, achieve the unity of ideology and purpose of the communist ranks and strengthen their ties with the masses." The great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung formed the first genuinely communist organisation in Korean history, the Down With Imperialism Union, whilst still in his early teens, and advanced the Juche Idea a few years later. It was those young communists who formed the core of the Workers' Party of Korea. Today, firmly grasping the role of the youth, the Party pays particular attention to developing revolutionary successors. As the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung says, "All the resplendent victories and successes scored by our people in the revolution and construction are associated with the heroic struggle and praiseworthy efforts of millions of our young men and women, and the grand monumental structures of the era of the Workers' Party erected in various parts of the country symbolise the undying feats of our youth who have worked with all devotion for the Party and the revolution ... Our Party and our people regard it as their great pleasure and pride to have such excellent young people." The lofty character of the Korean youth is shared by all revolutionary youth around the world. As the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung points out, "The youth have an unflagging will and revolutionary spirit to fight for justice through thick and thin. Because of their excellent stamina, the youth are able to be and have become a great revolutionary force in the struggle for independence against imperialism... The youth are a fighting and advancing generation... The youth are vigorous and courageous. They should play the role of vanguard fighter in the struggle against imperialism." The truth of Comrade Kim Il Sung's statement can be seen in all revolu- tionary movements. Near to home we have above all the outstanding example of the young volunteers of the Irish Republican Army and the Irish National Liberation Army, of the Irish Republican Prisoners of War, and particularly the courageous hunger strikers of 1981 - young men who demonstrated how powerful the spirit of freedom, of Chajusong, can be when the people are organised under correct anti-imperialist leadership. The role of the youth, of the new generation, assumes particular importance in this the oldest imperialist state where the influence of social chauvinism and the labour aristocracy is so strong. In all revolutionary work it is necessary to bring to the fore the role of the youth - whether the young

miners, their wives and girlfriends; the black youth who led the uprisings of 1981 and who have organised themselves into various independent organisations such as the Stoke Newington & Hackney Defence Campaign and the Asian Youth Movements; the young people who have formed the core of the militant pickets of South Africa House; or the mass organisations of the anti-imperialist youth of Glasgow - the Republican Bands. By encouraging the youth consciously to play their leading role, whilst at the same time learning from the experience of veteran comrades, all sections of the people can be encouraged more dynamically to take up the struggle for freedom and independence. The Juche Idea aims to unite the people to wage the revolutionary struggle. It turns its back on the factional strife which divides the people. But whilst concentrating on the development of new revolutionary forces, this does not mean that we should turn our backs on those honest comrades who have been misled by the factionalists. We should also remember that our main enemy is imperialism, and that we should unite all possible forces against it. All oppressed peoples know that their strength lies in unity. The grave difficulties that the Palestinian people are currently facing are connected in no small part to the tragic splits in the Palestine Liberation Organisation. Conversely, the Nicaraguan revolution rapidly won victory when the three wings of the Sandinista National Liberation Front reunited. The liberation movements of El Salvador and Guatemala have learned this lesson and formed themselves into united fronts. In contrast, the door was opened to the US invasion of Grenada by the split in the revolutionary party and government of that country. In the course of their struggle the miners saw the need to uphold unity and reject sectarianism and were able to work with a vast range of forces. On many occasions in the course of leading the Korean revolution to victory the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung risked his very life in order to achieve national unity, and unity with the various anti-Japanese imperialist forces of the fraternal Chinese people. Today, he extends the hand of friendship to all democratic and patriotic forces in the south of divided Korea, and to all those forces in the world who are objectively in contradiction with imperialism, particularly US imperialism. He well understands that it is only our enemies who can gain by disunity. Therefore, without for a moment giving up our principles or the fight against opportunism, we think it necessary for all left wing forces concretely to look for ways in which they can unite and work together. Whether in support of the miners, the Irish people, other national liberation movements, the socialist countries, or in the anti-racist struggle, it should be possible for nearly all left wing organisations to find some realistic common ground on which to work together, without surrendering their independence or particular points of view. For our part, learning from the policy on international relations carried out by the Workers' Party of Korea, we are prepared to unite with what is positive in all other organisations, even if this is only a minor aspect, and to work together with them. Comrades, The Juche Idea is a precious gift that the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung has given to the peoples of the world. Since his early days he has been devoting himself to the people, and I am sure that everybody here would want

to join with us in conveying to him wholehearted greetings on the occasion of his 73rd birthday which will be celebrated in a few weeks' time. The experience of the Sovet Union and the People's Republic of China, and of the international communist movement generally, shows that the question of succeeding the revolutionary cause of the leader is a complex and difficult one. We therefore share the joy of the Korean people in their having the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il as the successor to the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung. Dear Comrade Kim Jong Il has inherited all the revolutionary qualities of the great leader, and has developed and systematised his ideas, defining them as Kimilsungism. It is therefore only natural that the Korean Party and people should unanimously acclaim him as the genuine successor to the great leader. We send wholehearted and sincere greetings to the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il, who is wisely leading the Korean people to advance at the 'speed of the '80s' in all fields of socialist construction, holding the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung in boundless esteem forever. Today has been an historic occasion when the banner of the Juche Idea, the banner of the Age of Independence, has been raised in London, the heart of the old and dying world. This is but a first step in our continuing work to hold high the banner of the New World, and to join the revolutionary struggle of the peoples of the world who are fighting against imperialism and for independence. I would like to thank all those comrades, particularly those present, who have given us help and encouragement in the organising of this Seminar. Special thanks must go to our Korean comrades in Pyongyang and in Paris who have provided us with a great deal of inspiration. Were it not for the reactionary and obdurate stand of the Thatcher government in denying visas to citizens of socialist Korea, we are sure that they would have been present with us today. The Juche Idea means solidarity with the world revolution. As the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il says, "All countries, all nations, and peoples the world over that advocate Chajusong, must struggle jointly in close unity under the revolutionary banner of anti-imperialism and independence." Today, on this occasion, I pledge on behalf of Mosquito Press that we will always be on the same side together with all the peoples fighting against imperialism and dominationism, particularly those fighting against British imperialism. No matter what storms may arise in the world, we will always be on the side of the brave Korean people who daily face the nuclear war threat from US imperialism and its followers. LONG LIVE THE GREAT LEADER COMRADE KIM IL SUNG! LONG LIVE THE DEAR LEADER COMRADE KIM JONG IL! LONG LIVE THE IMMORTAL JUCHE IDEA! ALL PEACE-LOVING PEOPLES OF THE WORLD WHO ADVOCATE CHAJUSONG, UNITE TO BURY IMPERIALISM FOREVER!

(1 The Juche Idea Fulfills James Connolly's Vision of the Internationalism of the future. Comrades, We have laboured in vain if we have failed in our endeavours during recent months and years to obtain a better future convince our anti-imperialist comrades that James Connolly's vision of internationalism internationalist independence is so strikingly prophetic of the scientific solution socialism of our era, the Juche Idea, that The dear leader Comrade KJI has pointed out that "Chajusong/independence of a party and a state is expressed, after all, in foreign relations ... There are big and small parties, big and small countries, and economically developed and underdeveloped peoples in the world, but all parties; all countries and peoples are equal and independent. No one should encroach upon the sovereignty of others and no one should tolerate them.

encroachment on one's sovereignty. " "These should be neither superior-subordinate relations nor master-servant relations in the [Communist] movement... The Juche Idea defined Chajusong/independence as the fundamental principle of the relations between parties and between countries, and this helped towards a change in the international communist movement and the development of international relations." "This movement is a struggle to realise the Chajusong of the popular masses in each country, and it is the communists people of the country themselves who are the performers, the masters of this struggle." In the vastly different circumstances of the first world war when imperialism still held sway and that the age of Chajusong had yet to dawn, James Connolly advanced a vision of Irish freedom and socialism under which "every nation will be the supreme (2

(3 arbiter of its own destinies, national and international; will not be forced into no alliance against its will, but will have its independence guarantied and its freedom respected by the enlightened self-interest of the social democracy of the world." "The Internationalism of the future," he taught," will be based upon the free federation of free peoples, and cannot be realised through the subjugation of the smaller by the larger political unit." "There is no "most favoured nation clause' in Socialist diplomacy." We have laboured in vain during recent and months & years if we have failed to convince our anti-imperialist comrades that the affinity between James Connolly's vision of Irish freedom and the Juche Idea is not superficial or coincidental

(4 matter, but is a significant reflexion of the fact that James Connolly was the earliest of all scientific socialist leaders to have left a body of teachings developed in the context of the movement revolutionary patristics fact of an oppressed nation. This is teachers His was, at the same time last part of the great encyclopedic bodies of proletarian revolting thought produced in the West of that time of Marx, Engels the West of Europe. He was at the same time the last of the great proletarian revolting teachers of today This explains the fact that James Connolly's teachings are so strikingly modern and so profoundly prophetic ideology expressed in of the Socialist of our era the Juche Idea. The teachings of James Connolly are a deeply concerned with the questions thought body of thought focussing on the and 'manhood' questions of independence and on questions of method leadership and most worked method among the work among the people of his oppressed nation. ideas That He promoted the of James Fintan Lalor, one of the most powerful propagandist scientific code who in 1848 had

(5 Said, "I want to put Ireland foremost, in the van of the world, at the head of the nations - to set her aloft in the blaze of the sun, and to make her for ages the lode star of history." Connolly applied this teaching in the period of the find half of the prior to 1917, first world war, when (the revolutionary situation in Ireland focussed the hopes of Europe and beyond for a revolt that would "spark off a Europe - wide conflagration" and bring an end to the misery of the war through proletarian revolution. The period following Connolly's death was Sunday, the period that one in which, in the words of the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il, "a new development was taking place in the struggle of the working class and the popular masses against exploitation and oppression. On the world arena, the influence of socialism, which had won its first victory, grew strong, and the revolutionary struggle of the working class and the liberation struggle of the peoples in colonies and semi-colonies were intensified sharply... A new age was approaching, in which the revolutionary movement made progress in a broad and diversified way on a worldwide scale."