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(16) It was in this period of world war and imperialist crisis that James Connolly came forward as a great internationalist leader who profoundly grasped the principle later formulated by the dear leader in these words: "The best way to preserve national independence and peace and win the revolutionary cause is to counter the imperialist war of ^aggression^ ~aggressor~ with the war of liberation, ^answer^ ^reaction^ ~and~ ^the^ counter-revolutionary violence of ~the~ with revolutionary violence, and always meet the imperialist moves of aggression and war in full preparedness." James Connolly called on the working class, the most independent class, to "erect barricades all over Europe, to break up bridges ^and^ ~of~ destroy the transport service that was might be abolished," and called for "armed battling in the streets". In the course of this magnificent period of revolutionary propaganda and organisation, James Connolly developed a legendary style of

(18 chance to developnobility and grandeur of character for men and women, a time to realise the nobility of life, to study the study history of Freland, to our rights das well as our duties; time to develop men and women for the coming crisis, so that they take might advantage of it when it came." In a prophetically modern manner he waged unceasing struggles to found an Irish socialist party independently as the "general staff" of the revolution. He had long upheld the and movement led the matt to found a separate party, "one victory over imperialism of which he was particularly proud," to use the words of his daughter Nora. During the years 1911 to 1916 he fought hard to consolidate this advance in terms strikingly reminiscent of the Jude Idea, and left an immortal legacy of teachings on this serious question of independence in party-

(19 building which the Juche Idea was finally to solve in the subsequent period. James Connolly, besides, built a united front of all patriotic classes, individuals and organisations, and led the army and Provisional Government of the Irish Republic in firm unity with the great patriot Padraic Pearse and Thomas the Fenian leader Thomas Clarke. This united front, symbolised by the unity of the seven signatories of the Proclamation of the Irish Republic at Easter 1916, leaders of the Easter Uprising gave a degree of secured legitimacy and broad support which has secured the loyalty of the patriotic masses of Ireland ever since. James Connolly fully respected the independence of all patriotic organisations and built relations with them on the bases of independence and equality, providing a unique and shining example for independent anti-imperialists for of respect for the leadership and organisational structures built by the oppressed. In the field of military affairs,

(20 James Connolly sought to build a guerilla army, based on "a complete overhauling and remodelling training of all the and instruction" hitherto applied, under "conditions for which text books made no provision," and he studied the experience of urban and rural guerilla and revolutionary warfare, including the experience of the Moscow Insurrection of 1905, the Insurrection in the Tyrol in 1915, the 1830 2099 Revolution in Belgium, the 1836 Defence of the Alamo, the Paris Revolutions of 1830 and 1848, Revolutionary and the 1775 American Revolution battle at Lexington. From these studies he crystallised a theory of insurrection that culminated in his week-long successful defence of much of the centre of Dublin against the colonial army of occupation at Easter 1916. Thus was born today's Irish Republican Army, which is indeed an army which lives up to the demanding standards put forward for a genuine people's army by the dear Leader Comrade

(21) Kim Jong Il in these words: "Such armed forces must embrace the sons and daughters of the working class people... A noble revolutionary spirit to fight for the freedom and liberation of the people, boundless loyalty to the party and the leader, a peerless self-sacrificing spirit and mass heroism which are expressed in willingly giving up one's youth and life for the sake of the country and revolution, revolutionary comradeship between men and officers, their inseparable links with the people, and voluntary military discipline - these are politico-ideological superiority peculiar [illegible word] to a people's army, a revolutionary army." Such was the army led by James Connolly, and such is the army led in Ireland by his successors today. James Connolly in his long years preparation, of study, propaganda and [illegible word]

(22 Came to know the things of his country and countrymen well ; as the dear leader says, only thus" will one be able also to love one's country and people ardently ", and James Connolly's devoted work to write the history of the Irish masses, the true creators Of Irish history, opened a new epoch what has been called of the 'decolonisation of history'. Fearing neither hardship nor death, James Connolly moved courageously towards the Easter Uprising. He felt, as Osagyeto Kwame Nkrumah was later to feel, that " in all political struggles there come rare moments, hard to distinguish but fatal to let slip, when all must be Set upon a hazard, and out of the simple man is ordained strength." In the words of the dear leader, " a revolution does not always break out when all the necessary conditions exist, nor is it carried out always in favourable circumstances. Waiting

(23) with folded arms for all conditions to ripen is tantamount to refusing to make a revolution." The legacy of The Easter Rising has proved July eternal, and in 1971, greeting the assessing the dawn of the new stage of Ireland's freedom fight, James Connolly's daughter Nora who had been a tireless and indomitably independent propagandist for his views for 60 years, was able to write: "I believe that the people who are fighting the British in the North are just a continuation of the fight that we fought in our days", and weeks before her death ten years later she proudly stated Commented that saved that "the unbroken tradition is saved by the Provos coming out against the border which cuts us off from six counties of our country." These immortal achievements of James Connolly in forging a class leadership method characterised by complete reliance on the masses as masters, his internationalism and

(24 active resistance to imperialist war, his independent stand and achievements in united front politics and military affairs, and his ultimate triumph in saving the soul of Ireland - its unbroken tradition of patriotic uprisings - have led to his occupying a special place in the hearts of Irish patriots, so that all achievements of were the Easter rising closely associated by all those who participated in them with his name and those of Pearce, Clarke and the other leaders of the rising. This is further proof, if indeed further were proof needed, that the history of revolutionary struggle of the the working class is, in the words of the dear leader Comrade Kim Jong Il, “a history of working-class leaders creating and developing revolutionary ideas, a history in which (these ideas have been applied to transform the world" (011,3). The Juche Idea which crystallises the experience of the more advanced stage when socialism has

(25 consolidated its exercise of state power, the Republican experiences of Irish & and other revolutionary patriotic movements of the oppressed can be seen in the light of advanced science. The Irish people's aspirations for unity should have focussed on the leadership of Tone, Emmet, Mitchel, Lalor, the Fenians, and the James Connolly and the Leaders of 1916 . Where colonialism had succeeded in suppressing or interrupting its its leadership structures, the teachings and example of their leaders have sustained in popular tradition a seed-bed for the constant correct constant rebirth of the Phoenix of rebellion. The Juche Idea This has for the first time in a scientific revolutionary way approached the question of the the future leadership and the succession to it as an independent and central question of revolutionary theories, and is thus of great encouragement to all oppressed peoples holding fast to their independent leadership traditions.