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optimism about victory in the revolution. In order to assess today's revolutionary situation ac- curately and adhere to the revolutionary stand, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the superiority of socialism and its inevitable triumph. We must see historical development since the second world war as the history of victorious socialism. The defeat of fascist Germany and Japanese imperialism and the victory of the Soviet Union in the second world war meant the great victory of socialism and dealt a fatal blow to imperialism. As a result of this war, many new socialist countries emerged in Europe and Asia, and socialism has developed to become a worldwide system. Today many countries of Asia, Europe, Latin America and Africa are advan- cing towards socialism. The magnetism of socialism has grown stronger than ever, and socialism has become a bea- con of hope for the progressive people throughout the world. Of course, the development of socialism has not been smooth. The birth of the new and its victory are always attended by difficulties. Socialist countries had to overcome a series of difficulties because they were beating an untrodden path. The transition from capitalism to socialism is the most deepgoing social transformation in the history of mankind. Socialism has to pave the way for its own development through an arduous and protracted struggle to sweep away all the rubbish that has been accumulated over thousands of years. In particular, because imperialism remains in the world, the struggle for the victory of socialism involves a 16